Both comprehension and understanding can be used to talk about someone's ability to understand something. The meaning of understanding is a mental grasp : Comprehension usually used with of.
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Understanding a concept means you get it. Knowledge about a subject, situation, etc. How to use understanding in a sentence.
Or about how something works:
He noted bond's apparent lack of. Your understanding might be that your mother will always drive you to school if you miss the bus. Understanding implies abilities and dispositions with respect to an object. Understanding is a relation between the knower and an object of understanding.
